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Infrared remote sensing technology, as an important branch of the satellite remote sensing field, has opened a unique window, allowing us to illuminate the secrets of the Earth and space that are hidden beyond the visible light spectrum. This technology covers a wide range from 0.76 microns to 15 microns in wavelength and can be divided into near-infrared, mid-infrared, and far-infrared, each subfield having its own unique applications and values.
Infrared remote sensing imaging is achieved by detecting infrared radiation within the range of 0.76 microns to 15 microns by remote sensing sensors. This wavelength range is further divided into three main subfields:
Near-Infrared (0.76-3 microns)
The near-infrared band is within the infrared spectrum range of 0.76 microns to 3 microns. Radiation in this region is primarily used for reflective infrared remote sensing and is typically used for optical photography during the day. The near-infrared spectrum is widely used in agriculture, geological exploration, and environmental monitoring. For example, the near-infrared spectrum can help farmers monitor the health of vegetation and also assess soil characteristics.
Mid-Infrared (3-6 microns)
The mid-infrared band is within the range of 3 microns to 6 microns. Infrared radiation in this range is also used for reflective infrared remote sensing and is widely used for land cover classification, weather monitoring, and ecological research. Applications of the mid-infrared spectrum include measuring vegetation indices, monitoring air pollution, and tracking the evolution of meteorological systems.
Far-Infrared (6-15 microns)
The far-infrared band is often referred to as thermal infrared or emissive infrared because it is primarily produced by the emission of the objects themselves. Applications in this band are related to the natural radiant properties of infrared radiation and are therefore mainly used for nighttime infrared scanning. Far-infrared remote sensing has a wide range of applications in military reconnaissance, geothermal exploration, soil temperature monitoring, and geological structure studies.
By measuring surface temperature, far-infrared technology can help monitor underground resources such as geothermal energy, while also being used for military purposes such as night vision devices and missile guidance.
Infrared remote sensing technology has a wide range of applications in many fields, from agriculture and environmental monitoring to national defense and geological exploration. It provides us with opportunities to gain deeper insights into the Earth and space, whether it is day or night. The continuous advancement of infrared remote sensing technology will continue to unveil more unknown mysteries and promote scientific research and the solving of real-world problems. This technology is a bright star in the field of remote sensing, giving us a broader vision to see more of the wonders in the Earth and the universe.